I believe many people have never heard of what broad bean disease is. Broad bean disease is a genetic disease with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD), which is a congenital metabolic defect in which red blood cells are easily damaged. And in most cases, it will be latent, and patients will not experience any symptoms on a daily basis. Only under specific conditions can diseases be triggered, so how can carrying the broad bean disease gene avoid passing on to offspring? The editor of 592 Baobao.com suggests that couples carrying the gene for fava bean disease choose the third-generation in vitro fertilization technology for effective screening, and avoid the tragedy of genetic diseases by manually selecting healthy offspring.

The third generation in vitro fertilization technology can effectively avoid implanting embryos with genetic G6PD defects into the mother's body. PGD, also known as pre embryo transfer genetic diagnosis (PGD), refers to the testing method of conducting genetic analysis on some embryos before the conventional IVF cycle of embryo transfer, diagnosing whether there are abnormalities, and then screening healthy embryo transfer mothers to prevent genetic diseases from passing on to the next generation. PGD technology can effectively block genetic diseases such as PGD and diagnose whether the embryo carries genes with genetic defects, such as broad bean disease and hemophilia. In addition, PGD testing can effectively increase the chances of normal pregnancy and improve the health quality of newborns.

Broad bean disease, also known as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the G6PD gene of the red blood cell enzyme. G6PD produces NADPH (a reducing coenzyme), which protects red blood cells from oxidative damage. G6PD deficiency is the most common enzymatic disease in red blood cells, occurring in acute hemolysis caused by genetic G6PD deficiency. The cause of G6PD deficiency is related to the Xq28 gene mutation on the X chromosome and is one of the causes of broad bean disease.

Is bean disease transmitted to men or women?

The genetic mode of fava bean disease is an X-linked recessive genetic disease, as men only have one X chromosome, so fava bean disease almost only occurs in men. Because women have another normal X chromosome to buffer, the patient's symptoms are very mild. Therefore, couples carrying the broad bean disease gene can only have female babies.

Why is it called broad bean disease?

Fresh fava beans contain levodopa, an extremely strong oxidant. This type of fresh fava beans can cause serious harm to babies with G6PD deficiency. Once children consume fava beans by mistake, they will experience symptoms such as low fever, abdominal pain, yellowing of the skin, and deepening of urine color. It is important to seek medical attention in a timely manner to avoid serious consequences. The symptom of faba bean disease is faba bean disease, which is caused by a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the inability to decompose glucose normally; Acute hemolytic anemia occurs when patients with G6PD deficiency consume broad beans, which is caused by free radicals produced by glycoside metabolism in soybeans. Free radicals can damage red blood cells and cause dissolution both inside and outside the blood vessels. The symptoms of fava bean disease include drowsiness, anorexia, fatigue, general discomfort, fever, dizziness, nausea, abdominal pain, etc., which usually last for 2 to 6 days. In severe cases, it can lead to rapid breathing, heart failure, and even shock, which can be life-threatening.

The incidence rate of broad bean disease is high in children, especially in the mature season of broad beans every year. Usually, children will suddenly develop symptoms within 12 to 24 hours after eating fava beans, manifested as acute hemolytic crisis: chills, high fever, jaundice, and in severe cases, coma, convulsions, shock, cardiac insufficiency, and acute kidney failure. Patients with severe anemia may die within 1-2 days of onset if not treated promptly. Therefore, once the condition is discovered, it is necessary to promptly send it to the hospital to avoid worsening the condition.